![]() The algorithm also uses a set of logical operations and mathematical functions, such as bitwise operations, modular additions and logical operations, which are designed to make it difficult to reverse the process and find the original input from the output. This means that even a small change in the input message will cause a significant change in the final output, making it a one-way function. One key aspect of the SHA-256 algorithm is that it uses a "chaining" mechanism, where the output of one block is used as input for the next block. ![]() The message is processed in fixed-size blocks (512 bits) by a series of logical functions, including bitwise operations and modular additions.Īn initial set of values, known as "hash state", is used as a starting point for the computation.Īs each block of the message is processed, the hash state is updated.Īfter all blocks have been processed, the final hash state is output as the 256-bit hash value (also called the "digest"). The input to the function is a message of any length (also called the "pre-image"). SHA-256 is a type of hash function that is part of the SHA-2 family of cryptographic hash functions. The output of a hash function is also called a 'hash' or 'digest'. Hashing is often used for security purposes, such as checking the integrity of a file, or storing passwords securely in a database. This makes it a one-way process, meaning you cannot use the output to determine the input. The same input will always produce the same output, but even a small change to the input will produce a very different output. Hashing is the process of taking an input (or 'message') and giving out a fixed-size string of characters, which is usually a hexadecimal number. SHA-256 is considered to be a secure way to store passwords, and is commonly used in blockchain technology. The output of a hash function is typically a string of hexadecimal characters, and the same input will always produce the same output. It is used to create a unique fixed-size output (known as a digest or hash) from an input of any size. SHA-256 is a type of hash function, also known as a cryptographic hash function.
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